Introduction
In this experiment, we will study the binary fission in amoeba and budding in yeast.
Basic Building Concept
1. The process of reproduction includes the production of new generations of organisms through older generations of organisms.
2. Reproduction includes the inheritance of genetic material from parent to children, which helps form similar characteristics.
3. It is of two types: Asexual reproduction and Sexual reproduction.
A. Asexual Reproduction
1. In this type of reproduction, only one parent produces offspring without gamet being involved.
2. Offsprings are completely identical to their parents, also known as clones.
B. Sexual Reproduction
1. In this type of reproduction, two parents are involved in producing new offspring.
2. Male gametes are produced by male parents, and female gametes are produced by females.
3. These two gametes fuse o form the first cell of the new generation called a zygote.
Aim
To study,
a. Binary fission in amoeba.
b. Budding in yeast
With the help of prepared slides
Requirements
1. Compound microscope,
2. Permanent slides of binary fission in Amoeba and budding in yeast.
Theory
BINARY FISSION
1. This is a type of asexual reproduction in which the parent body divides itself into two equal parts of the daughter cell. These cells then grow into adults and lose the identity of the parent cell.
2. This type of reproduction takes place in Amoeba.
BUDDING
1. This is also a type of asexual reproduction in which a small bud is formed in the body of the parent cell. This cell enlarges and divides itself into two equal parts of nuclei. One of the nuclei goes into developing the bud into parent size. When bud grows into full size, the parent body and bud get separated by a separating wall. After this, the bud can produce new bud over it.
2. This type of reproduction takes place in yeast.
Procedure
Step 1: Take the slides of amoeba and yeast.
Step 2: Illuminate the compound microscope by adjusting the mirror and diaphragm while looking through the eyepiece.
Step 3: Place the slide under the microscope one by one.
Step 4: First focus under a low microscope, then under a high microscope.
Observation
BINARY FISSION IN AMOEBA
1. In amoeba, asexual reproduction has taken place.
2. We have observed that two offspring have been produced from the single parent body of amoeba.
3. First, divide the nucleus and then the cytoplasm.
4. Parent cell gets elongated.
5. Constriction divides the cell into two equal parts of daughter cells from the point of fission.
BUDDING IN YEAST
1. Asexual reproduction also takes place in yeast in which a small protuberance grows from its body, called bud.
2. Nucleus of the body divide itself into two equal parts called daughter nuclei. One of the nuclear plants goes into the bud.
3. After growing to their full size, buds may detach themselves from the parent body or keep attached to the body to form a chain of cells.
4. In this process, parental identity does not lose.
Result
Amoeba showed reproduction by binary process, and yeast showed reproduction through budding.
Precautions
1. Focus on the slide first through lower magnification and then through higher magnification.
2. Use fine adjustment while focusing on high power.
3. Place the slide carefully under the microscope.
Conclusion
In this way, we have studied the binary fission in amoeba and budding in yeast.
Viva Questions and Answers
Q.1 What was the aim of our experiment?
ANS. To study the binary fission in amoeba and budding in yeast.
Q.2 What do you understand about reproduction?
ANS. The process of reproduction includes the production of new generations of organisms through older generations of organisms.
Q.3 How many types of reproduction are there?
ANS. Two. Asexual and sexual.
Q.4 What do you understand about asexual reproduction?
ANS. In this type of reproduction, offspring are produced by only one parent without gamet being involved.
Q.5 What do we call the offsprings in asexual reproduction?
ANS. Clone
Q.6 What do you understand about sexual reproduction?
ANS. In this type of reproduction, two parents are involved in producing new offspring.
Q.7 What do you understand about zygote?
ANS. Male and female gametes fuse to form the first cell of the new generation called a zygote.
Q.8 What do you understand by binary fission?
ANS. This is a type of asexual reproduction in which the parent body divides itself into two equal parts of the daughter cell.
Q.9 What do you understand about budding?
ANS. This is also a type of asexual reproduction in which a small bud is formed in the body of the parent cell. This cell enlarges and divides itself into two equal parts of nuclei. One of the nuclei goes into developing the bud into parent size. When the bud grows to full size, the parent body and bud get separated by a separating wall. After this, the bud can produce new bud over it.
Q.10 In which organism does binary fission take place?
ANS. Amoeba
Saquib Siddiqui is a Mechanical Engineer with expertise in science projects and experiments. Saquib’s work focuses on integrating scientific concepts with practical applications, making complex ideas accessible and exciting for learners of all ages. In addition to his practical work, Saquib has authored several articles, research papers, and educational materials.
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