Introduction
In this science experiment, we will be determining the effect of Electric field on the Heat of Vapourization. To obtain the result, we will be performing an experiment with some computer simulation.
Electricity isn’t just about powering our gadgets – it has a profound impact on the physical properties of matter, too! When an electric field is applied to a substance, it can alter its behavior in surprising ways. One such effect is on the heat of vaporization – the energy required to transform a liquid into a gas.
In this fascinating scientific study, we explore the remarkable relationship between electric fields and the heat of vaporization. By applying controlled electric fields to various liquids, we measure changes in the amount of energy required to transform them into gas.
Aim
To determine the effect of external electric fields on the heat of vaporization of water.
Theory
1. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation gives a temperature difference of vapour pressure at a phase of discontinuity between two phases of matter.
2. The equation is written as:
dP/dT = L/T∆v = ∆s/∆v
where dP/dt is the slope of the tangent,
L is the latent specific heat,
v is the specific volume change,
T is the temperature, and
s is the specific entropy.
Requirements
1. Computer
2. Water
4. Notebook
Procedure
Step 1: Obtain a molecular model of the molecules of the dipolar water.
Step 2: Using this model, write a program in Java. This program will measure the effect of static electric fields on the rational movement as well as the translational movement of the water molecules. This will also determine the attraction force between the molecules of water.
Step 3: Plot a graph of transitional velocity, kinetic energy, and rotational velocity of water molecules after each stimulation against time.
Step 4: Run the program at different electric field ranges between 0 V/m to 1400 V/m.
Step 5: With the help of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, measure the heat of vapourization water by applying an electric field that ranges from 0 V/m and 1400 V/m.
Step 6: Record your observations.
Observation
1. We observed that translational movements and the translational kinetic energy of water do not get affected by applying a static electric field because of the presence of a neutral charge of water molecules.
2. But the torque that was created by the static electric field oriented the movement of water molecules toward the direction of the electric field.
3. Due to this, the average kinetic energy decreased as the rotational movement of water molecules underwent damping oscillation.
4. The water molecules that had lower energies wanted more energy to get freed from the liquid state. This increased the heat of the vapourization of water in the presence of external electric fields.
Result
1. In the presence of an external electric field, the heat of vaporization of the water increases.
2. It is increased by 5% by applying an external static electric field.
3. On the basis of the result obtained from the computer simulation and experiment, the graph of increased heat of vapourization underwent exponential decay by applying a static electric field.
Precaution
1. Make sure that your program is written correctly in Java.
2. Record your observation precisely.
Conclusion
In this science experiment, we have determined the effect of a static electric field on the heat of vapourization of water.
VIVA Questions With Answers
Q.1 What was the aim of your experiment?
ANS. We aimed to determine how the heat of vapourization of water gets affected by the static electric field.
Q.2 What was the effect of a static electric field on the heat of vapourization of water?
ANS. The heat of vapourization of water increases on an increasing static electric field.
Q.3 Which quality of water molecules does not get affected by applying a static electric field?
ANS. Translational movement and the translational kinetic energy of water molecules do not get affected by applying a static electric field.
Q.4 Who has given the Clausius Clapeyron equation?
ANS. Rudolf Clausius and Benoit Paul Emile Clapeyron.
Saquib Siddiqui is a Mechanical Engineer and a content creator. He has special interest in science experiments and teaches the same to school and college students. He is also a technical lead at RUDE LABS PVT. LTD.
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