INTRODUCTION
In this experiment, we will learn to prepare a true solution, a suspension and a colloidal solution and understand the concept of Solution, Colloids and Suspension.
In order to understand this experiment, we should first revise some concepts.
CONCEPTS
SOLUTION – The homogenous mixture of two or more substances is known as a solution. It has two components.
1. Solute – The substance which gets dissolved in the solution is called the solute.
2. Solvent – The solvent is the substance that dissolves solute in the solution.
Example:- Lemonade, soda water etc.
COLLOIDS – The heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called colloid or colloidal solution. The particles of this solution are so small that they can not be seen with naked eyes but are big enough to scatter light.
SUSPENSION – The suspension is a heterogeneous mixture whose particles can be seen with naked eyes and are insoluble in a solvent.
AIM
To produce;
1. A true solution of alum, sugar, and salt in water.
2. A colloid of egg albumin in water and starch in water
3. A suspension of sand, chalk powder, and soil in water.
And distinguish based on transparency, stability and filtration.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Test tubes.
2. Beaker,
3. Water,
4. Common salt,
5. Sugar,
6. Alum,
7. Soil,
8. Chalk powder,
9. Fine sand,
10. Albumin,
11. Starch,
12. Funnel,
13. Glass rod,
14. Filter paper.
THEORY
1. The particle of the true solution has a size greater than 10^-9 m. It passes through filter paper very easily.
2. The particle size of the colloidal solution is between 10^-9m to 10^-6m. It can pass through filter paper and scatter light.
3. The particle size of suspension is greater than 10^-6m. I can not pass through filter paper.
PROCEDURE
1. Take eight beakers and name them A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.
2. Put 50 ml of water in each beaker.
3. Add alum, salt and sugar to three beakers A, B and C.
4. Add chalk powder, sand and soil to the next three beakers D, E and F.
5. Add some starch in a beaker G and boil it.
6. Add egg albumin in a beaker H and stir it.
7. Record the observation in the given table.
OBSERVATION
| TEST SAMPLES | TRANSPARENCY | STABILITY | FILTRATION | TYPES OF MIXTURE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observe the mixture and note down its transparency. | Keep the mixture undisturbed for some time and observe. | Filter the mixture through a filter paper and note it down. | Based on these properties, classify the mixture A, B, C, …….H as a true solution, colloid and suspension. | |
| A B C Fig. A | The solution is transparent and homogenous. | Particles do not settle down in the beaker, and hence it is stable. | The salt solution easily passes through filter paper. | Mixture A is a ……. B is a ……. C is a ……. |
| D E F Fig. B | Particles are visible to naked eyes. It is opaque. | Particles settle down in the beaker, and hence it is unstable. | Do not pass through filter paper. | Mixture D is a ……. E is a ……. F is a ……. |
| G H Fig. C | Particles are not visible to the naked eyes. It is translucent | Particles do not settle down in the beaker, and hence it is stable. | Pass through filter paper. | Mixture G is a ……. H is a ……. |
A) HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE FILTRATION OF TRUE SOLUTION
B) HETEROGENOUS FILTRATION OF SUSPENSION
C) HETEROGENOUS FILTRATION OF COLLOID
RESULT
1. Beaker A = Common salt forms a ……… in water.
2. Beaker B = Sugarwill form a ……… in water.
3. Beaker C = Alum will form a ……… in water.
4. Beaker D = Soil will form a ……… in water.
5. Beaker E = Chalk Powder will form a……………. in water.
6. Beaker F = Fine sand will form a……………. in water.
7. Beaker G = Starchwill form a……………. in water.
8. Beaker H = Egg albumin will form a …………….in water.
PRECAUTIONS
1. Use distilled and pure water.
2. Substances should be stirred well.
3. Substances should be used in small quantities.
4. Moisten the filter before use.
5. Rod should be clean.
6. Wash your hand after the experiment.
CONCLUSION
In this way, we have learned to determine a true Solution, Colloids and Suspension
VIVA QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Q.1 Describe a true solution?
ANS. The solution is the homogenous mixture of two or more substances is known as a solution. The particle of this solution has a size greater than 10^-9 m. It passes through filter paper very easily.
Q.2 What is a solute?
ANS. The substance which gets dissolved in the solution is called the solute.
Q.3 What is solvent?
ANS. The substance which dissolves solute in the solution is called the solvent.
Q.4 Describe a colloid?
ANS. The heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called colloid or colloidal solution. The particles of this solution are so small that they can not be seen with naked eyes but are big enough to scatter light.
Q.5 What is the size of the particles in colloids?
ANS. Between 10^-9m to 10^-6m.
Q.6 What are the examples of a colloidal solution?
ANS. Clouds, fog, smoke, sponge, rubber etc.
Q.7 Describe suspension?
ANS. The suspension is a heterogeneous mixture whose particles can be seen with naked eyes and insoluble in a solvent.
Q.8 What is the particle size in suspension?
ANS. more than 10^-6m.
Q.9 What are the examples of suspension?
ANS. Sand and water, wheat and water etc.
Q.10 Which is solvent and solute in a mixture of salt and water?
ANS. Water is solvent, and salt is solute.
Saquib Siddiqui is a Mechanical Engineer and a content creator. He has special interest in science experiments and teaches the same to school and college students. He is also a technical lead at RUDE LABS PVT. LTD.
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